Antony and Cleopatra: Heroic Act, Post Heroic Age

Q: Describe Antony and Cleopatra as a heroic act written in a post-heroic age. Antony and Cleopatra is a tragic play written by William Shakespeare; embodying the basic notions of most of the Jacobean tragedies that occurred during the reign of King James the first of England. The story follows a historical imitation of the events that occurred during the reign of the Egyptian and Roman Empire under the power of Cleopatra of Alexandria and the Triumvirs i. e. Ceaser, Antony and Lepidus of Athens.Antony, one of the main Triumvirs of Rome, falls in love with the Queen of Egypt, Cleopatra, stirring up an affair seeped in political turmoil and war. Antony, torn apart between his duties to his kingdom and his love for Cleopatra, finds himself in the midst of the tragic remembrance of many of Shakespeare’s leading male characters like Othello, Kind Lear, and Macbeth etc. A man, destined towards an impregnable end due to one characteristic drawback, one fatal flaw. To understand the topic of â€Å"Heroism† and â€Å"Post Heroism† one must go back to the origin of the â€Å"Tragic Play†.The idea of tragedy comes from the Aristotelian school of thought. Tragedy as an art form, from the earliest works of Western play writes like Homer and Sophocles; derives itself from a materialist mind, choosing to harness the problems of the inevitable in heroic, noble, aristocratic individuals. It is a matter of ‘masculinity’, noble warriors, fighting for a single minded, subjective socio political motive, devoid of the scepticism, sensibility and democratic ideologies that exist today.It is also associated with myth, sacrifice and rituals, adhering to the rules and predestined location of the individual on a higher, transcendental platform. Adherence to a religious, or god like following. Examples of puritan ideas of tragedy are: Antigone, Agamemnon, Oedipus etc. Antony and Cleopatra was written in the late 16th century AD, during the reign o f King James the first, making it a generalised Jacobean drama. Yet, the play is vastly different than any of its contemporaries, be it from other play writes of the time, as well as Shakespeare’s own tragedies.It is different from its contemporaries by taking characters from a historical, heroic phase of the world and giving it the characteristics of an Aristotelian tragedy, not showing the situations in their respective time periods. Most of the other Jacobean dramas follow only the already existing notion of socio political norms in their timely reality. It surpasses the law of time and space continuum as scenes bounce back and forth between different places (Alexandria, Pompey, and Athens) and different time spheres not rendering to the Aristotelian idea of drama.Also, it is only in Antony and Cleopatra, does Shakespeare have characters that encompass an ideology themselves, defining their identity. Cleopatra, as a character, embodies an alternative idea, the idea of the â€Å"other†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ the exotic, sexual, over feminised view of the Orient. Antony, the idea of the tragic hero, the fallen lover. Octavius Ceaser, the idea of duty, power, discipline. The mere fact that, the political ideologies of the racial other is significant in the play, when strategies and affairs go beyond the Eurocentric notion of duty and order is in itself a marvel.The challenges met by the masculine, western order of the world goes beyond borders to the exotic orient, ruled by a powerful woman who dominates the entire play ; makes many critics treat Antony and Cleopatra as a transgressive play of the time. Yet, it cannot fit the pure idea of the classical tragedy either. It lacks the divine authority of Aristotelian tragedy, not condemning itself too much to predestination. It is devoid of rituals and noble sacrifices etc. The sacrifices made, for example, by Antony and Cleopatra was not for ascetic duties to anyone else, but fuelled by their passion for one anoth er.Cleopatra, as a character, is pivotal to the play. She is either being spoken of, or to in the venture and holds the most power amongst any of the other characters. A woman, being the centre of conversation and drive, is not befitting to a classical tragedy. Hence, Antony and Cleopatra lies somewhere in between, making many critics reassess the idea of the Jacobean drama itself as well as comparing and contrasting the play with its contemporaries to reach a higher understanding of why it was written as such.From this difference is raised the question of the difference in era and time with relation to the notion of honour, heroism and post heroism. Heroism is described as a type of war; the strategy of which is based on a single man’s â€Å"heroic† socio-political motives. Hence, heroism in a literary sense, translates to a drama based upon the wanting’s of one or few men. The Iliad, by Homer is an excellent example of heroism in dramatic form. The war against troy, instigated by personal ambitions of a few men. Achilles’s want of â€Å"glory† (another heroic notion), Menelaus’s revenge against Paris, and Agamemnon’s quest for power.Heroism is found to be the rock base of almost all the tragedies of the ancient western world. Homeric and Aristotelian tragedies base their motives upon the hands of a single person’s personal agenda. A war is caused, thousands is people are sent to their deaths over decades, to win a fight for one man’s honour. Based on myth and sacrifice, adhering to knowledge of ancient civilisations. Antony and Cleopatra, based on the history of civilisations, dating back to around 69 BC, written by William Shakespeare born during the renaissance, Elizabethean age dating to 14th century AD, provides a complex mechanism of thinking.C. L. Barber quotes: â€Å"There was a decline in honour amongst aristocracy due to professionalism of warfare. â€Å"Heroism† no longer existe d by the end of the 17th century. â€Å" Thus comes the question of why a play such as Antony and Cleopatra, full of nobility, honour and the notion of â€Å"Heroism† was written during a post-heroic age. The content, befitting to an Aristotelian drama, is written in a subversive, moralistic fashion provided by the inevitable destruction of the essence to which it is formed.The character of Antony is described as an autonomous figure, with personal drive and passions. Octavius Ceaser on the other hand, performs his duties towards his empire without tangling himself in personal dilemmas. And the character of Cleopatra, of course, renders to the main problem. That is; Cleopatra encompasses the political and personal problem, Antony the fallen lover entangled in the problem, and Ceaser, and the authorial figure who in the end, stamps his values as the winner and survivor of the situation.Ironically, it is the very base of ancient heroism that becomes Antony’s fatal flaw. By the second half of the drama, Antony is trapped within his own ego, whilst Ceaser dissuades his honour. In Act 3, scene 12, Ceaser even foretells Antony’s self-destruction, in a conversation with Thidias upon the news of Antony returning to Egypt fleeing from his duties; â€Å"Observe how Antony becomes his flaw, And what thou think’st his very action speaks, In every power that moves. Shakespeare, reveals the strategy of the play from Ceasers perspective; the perspective of the post heroic age of duty and civilian authority against that of personal glory and ambition. This biasness shows the context with which the play was written; from a Eurocentric, masculine objectivity. Right before Ceaser and Antony go to war with their respective armed forces, Antony challenges Ceaser to a one on one, swordfight to determine their fates. This â€Å"heroic† gesture is then verturned with Ceaser refusing to accept the challenge. In Act 4, scene 1, Ceaser seems to laugh off his Antony’s proposal. â€Å"He calls me boy, and chides as he had power to beat me out of Egypt. My messenger He hath whipped with rods; dares me to personal combat, Ceaser to Antony. I have many other ways to die, meanwhile laugh at his challenge. † Ironically, the Antony seems to be a heroic character driven by his â€Å"honour†, his â€Å"virtus†, yet it is this characteristic itself, that Shakespeare has twisted into a fatal flaw.The character of Antony is destroyed because Shakespeare makes his personal heroism, his only drawback. Odd, as personal glory and passion, two man dual ship, etc. , was revered in the heroic stage of Aristotelian drama, in which historically, the play is located. Perhaps, abiding by the rule of King James the first, Shakespeare needed to adhere to social norms, by exoticising the east, and by condemning Antony’s heroism to death abiding by the Jacobean age which was devoid of such fantasy.By taking the subject o f Antony and Cleopatra, Shakespeare seemingly reverses the whole idea of the myth, and transforms it to please and tutor the masses of 14th century England. Antony and Cleopatra hence becomes one of the most interesting pieces of Shakespeare as well as Jacobean drama, by transgressing itself completely from a heroic, materialistic, world to the dawn of the new age of political stability, democracy and sensibility.

Bottled Water

Yizza Burgueno First Draft Instructor Michael Heumann English 101 March 26, 2013 Bottled Water Most American see bottled water as a necessity, even though bottled water did not exist many years ago. Drinking out of a water bottle has become the standard drinking source for most Americans. We have become dependent on plastic waste. Water is life sustaining, so many of us would think that drinking water out of a bottle is harmless. Regrettably it is not, there have been traces of PET and BPA in the plastic containers we are drinking out of. Both PET and BPA can stimulate sever health consequences.Not only are we putting our life in danger by drinking out of bottled water but our planet as well. Plastic bottles don’t just vanish into thin air. Most Americans don’t recycle, so most plastic bottles end up on streets, rivers, lakes, canals, streams, or oceans polluting our planet. Not only is bottled water way more expensive than tap, it also contains the same water quality a s tap water. In other words we’re just paying for the names on the plastic bottles. Rather than paying for quality, our tap water can produce just about the same quality as bottled water. Bottled water is not all it is made out to be.We all need water to survive, especially when up to 60% of the human body is composed of it (USGS, 2009). Water is absolutely necessary to our planet. Approximately 75% of the earth’s surface is covered by water, but only 1% of that is drinkable (Soechtig, 2009). Hence, clean drinkable water is not as easy to get as it may seem. Representative Dennis Kuchinich from Ohio states that, â€Å"Water is a basic human right, it’s a necessary for survival of life. When you start commodifying the necessities of life in such a way as to make it more difficult for people to gain access, you have the basis for serious political instability,† (Soechtig, 2009).Water is no longer a fundamental right, it has become bankable and sold to peopl e who already have perfectly drinkable water coming out of their tap. People are looking at water as if it were gold and are only looking for a way to profit off of it. Instead of waiting in line to drink from the water fountains, people are waiting in line at the stores to pay for overly priced bottled water. People are no longer drink out of water fountains or out their kitchen sinks because they have the luxury of buying bottled water.Therefore, the demand for water fountains has decreased because of how easily it is to obtain bottled water. The more we buy bottled water, the more we are convinced that bottled water is not a luxury, but rather a necessity (Gleick, 2010, p. 107). Although, drinking out of a plastic bottle can cost twice as much, if not more than the water that comes out of our kitchen sinks and public drinking fountains and may also harm not only our health but our planet as well, millions of people still keep buying and drinking out of bottled water.Peter Gleick author of Bottled and Sold: the Story Behind our Obsession with Bottled Water, wrote, â€Å"certainly, the environmental problems with bottled water, the economic costs to pocketbooks, and the growing support for improving tap water quality and reliability are all contributing to new thinking about the simple act of buying a plastic bottled water,†(Gleick, 2010, p. 161). Bottled water was nonexistent many years ago. Elizabeth Royote mentions in her book, that people did not start walking down the streets with their water bottles until 1989 when water could be put in clear, lightweight bottles made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).Once that was created, bottled water skyrocketed in the 90’s. Water sales tripled in size, from 4. 5 gallons per year for the average American in 1986, to 12. 7 gallons per person in 1997 (NRDC, 1999). In 2007, Americans bout more than 29 billion bottles of water (Soechtig, 2009). America has engraved into people heads that drinking tap wat er is not healthy and in fear of the people have turned to bottled water thinking it’s the healthier option for them. Some people have gone to drinking bottled water literally because they are concerned about their water, and the problem is they are unaware of the fact that buying bottled water is not necessarily safe, that they end up being exposed to other chemical compounds,† says Stephanie King (PH. D. , M. P. H. ) a toxicologists and epidemiologist with Toxicology Inc. (Soechtig, 2009). Bottled water can actually lead to health concerns for those with weak immune systems, (NRDC, 1999). Most water bottles are made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polymer derived from oil that adds flexibility, color, and strength to plastic (Royote, 2008, p. 48). Another health risky ingredient in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic is Bisphenol A (BPA), a non steroidal estrogenic compound (Rubin, Murray, Damassa, King, and Soto, 2001). BPA can be found in many products such as sports bottles, baby bottles, and water coolers (Soechtig, 2009). Every American owns or has own a bottled that contained BPA, and because BPA mimics estrogen most bottles say they are â€Å"BPA free†. â€Å"Bisphoenol A may be one of the most potent, toxic chemicals known to man. The problem is Bisphenol A acts at very low doses as an estrogen,† (Soechtig, 2009).Both PET and BPA can be harming to Americans health, one leading to cancer and the other leading to the reproductive system. One’s life is not only in danger from drinking out of bottled water but the earth’s life as well. A large amount of water is wasted to create plastic bottles plus the water used to fill it. The amounts of bottles produce are not nearly close to the amounts recycled. Of the 80 million single served bottles of water consumed daily, 30 million ends up in landfills (Soechtig, 2009). The other ends up all over the streets making their way to the ocean, lakes, rivers, ca nals.Etc. The average international recycling rate for beverages containers for the word is 50%, but the United States is 20% and this number has been declining (Soechtig, 2009). The cost to produce bottled water is twice as expensive as, if not more, than tap water. Why waste more money on bottled water when people are already paying for it in the comfort of their own home. There is the cost of materials, production, and transportation. â€Å"This energy cost is a thousand times larger than the energy required to produce, process, treat, and deliver tap water,† (Gleick, 2010, p. 5). Are we just paying for the brand of the bottle rather than the quality of the water? 40% of bottled water is really just filtered tap water (Soechtig, 2009). Meaning that if people added a filter to their tap they can have bottled water quality coming out of their own kitchen faucet for a lower price. Most bottled water labels show a beautiful picture of waterfalls or mountains with streams runni ng through, portraying that that’s where the water comes from but in all reality the bottled water People are drinking from doesn’t come from afar.Yosemite water one the most popular bottled water in the Imperial Valley comes from Los Angeles California (Gleick, 2010, p. 110). Bottled water can cause illnesses, pollution, and costs lots of money. It may have the advantage of being convenient, but convenient is not worth harming your health, making the earth less livable, or spending more money on something that can comes out of your kitchen faucet, which in most cases you’re already paying for. Bottled water may look fancy or have a different taste to it but it’s not worth all the consequences.That’s why bottled water is not all it is made out to be. Works Cited Gleick, Peter H. Bottled and Sold: The Story behind Our Obsession with Bottled Water. Washington, Dc: Island, 2010. Print. Olson, Erik D. â€Å"Bottled Water. † NRDC:. NRDC, 1999. We b. 5 Mar. 2013. . Royte, Elizabeth. Bottlemania: Big Business, Local Springs, and the Battle over America's Drinking Water. New York: Bloomsbury, 2009. Print. Rubin, B. S. , M. K. Murray, D. A. Damassa, J. C. King, and A. M. Soto. Abstract. † National Center for Biotechnology Information. U. S. National Library of Medicine, 20 Dec. 2005. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. . Soechtig, Stephanie. â€Å"Tapped. † | Tapped the Movie – Official Site |. N. p. , 2009. Web. 19 Mar. 2013. . Us Geological Survey. â€Å"The Water in You. † Water Properties: (Water Science for Schools). Us Geological Survey, Oct. 2009. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. . Bottled Water Yizza Burgueno First Draft Instructor Michael Heumann English 101 March 26, 2013 Bottled Water Most American see bottled water as a necessity, even though bottled water did not exist many years ago. Drinking out of a water bottle has become the standard drinking source for most Americans. We have become dependent on plastic waste. Water is life sustaining, so many of us would think that drinking water out of a bottle is harmless. Regrettably it is not, there have been traces of PET and BPA in the plastic containers we are drinking out of. Both PET and BPA can stimulate sever health consequences.Not only are we putting our life in danger by drinking out of bottled water but our planet as well. Plastic bottles don’t just vanish into thin air. Most Americans don’t recycle, so most plastic bottles end up on streets, rivers, lakes, canals, streams, or oceans polluting our planet. Not only is bottled water way more expensive than tap, it also contains the same water quality a s tap water. In other words we’re just paying for the names on the plastic bottles. Rather than paying for quality, our tap water can produce just about the same quality as bottled water. Bottled water is not all it is made out to be.We all need water to survive, especially when up to 60% of the human body is composed of it (USGS, 2009). Water is absolutely necessary to our planet. Approximately 75% of the earth’s surface is covered by water, but only 1% of that is drinkable (Soechtig, 2009). Hence, clean drinkable water is not as easy to get as it may seem. Representative Dennis Kuchinich from Ohio states that, â€Å"Water is a basic human right, it’s a necessary for survival of life. When you start commodifying the necessities of life in such a way as to make it more difficult for people to gain access, you have the basis for serious political instability,† (Soechtig, 2009).Water is no longer a fundamental right, it has become bankable and sold to peopl e who already have perfectly drinkable water coming out of their tap. People are looking at water as if it were gold and are only looking for a way to profit off of it. Instead of waiting in line to drink from the water fountains, people are waiting in line at the stores to pay for overly priced bottled water. People are no longer drink out of water fountains or out their kitchen sinks because they have the luxury of buying bottled water.Therefore, the demand for water fountains has decreased because of how easily it is to obtain bottled water. The more we buy bottled water, the more we are convinced that bottled water is not a luxury, but rather a necessity (Gleick, 2010, p. 107). Although, drinking out of a plastic bottle can cost twice as much, if not more than the water that comes out of our kitchen sinks and public drinking fountains and may also harm not only our health but our planet as well, millions of people still keep buying and drinking out of bottled water.Peter Gleick author of Bottled and Sold: the Story Behind our Obsession with Bottled Water, wrote, â€Å"certainly, the environmental problems with bottled water, the economic costs to pocketbooks, and the growing support for improving tap water quality and reliability are all contributing to new thinking about the simple act of buying a plastic bottled water,†(Gleick, 2010, p. 161). Bottled water was nonexistent many years ago. Elizabeth Royote mentions in her book, that people did not start walking down the streets with their water bottles until 1989 when water could be put in clear, lightweight bottles made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).Once that was created, bottled water skyrocketed in the 90’s. Water sales tripled in size, from 4. 5 gallons per year for the average American in 1986, to 12. 7 gallons per person in 1997 (NRDC, 1999). In 2007, Americans bout more than 29 billion bottles of water (Soechtig, 2009). America has engraved into people heads that drinking tap wat er is not healthy and in fear of the people have turned to bottled water thinking it’s the healthier option for them. Some people have gone to drinking bottled water literally because they are concerned about their water, and the problem is they are unaware of the fact that buying bottled water is not necessarily safe, that they end up being exposed to other chemical compounds,† says Stephanie King (PH. D. , M. P. H. ) a toxicologists and epidemiologist with Toxicology Inc. (Soechtig, 2009). Bottled water can actually lead to health concerns for those with weak immune systems, (NRDC, 1999). Most water bottles are made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polymer derived from oil that adds flexibility, color, and strength to plastic (Royote, 2008, p. 48). Another health risky ingredient in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic is Bisphenol A (BPA), a non steroidal estrogenic compound (Rubin, Murray, Damassa, King, and Soto, 2001). BPA can be found in many products such as sports bottles, baby bottles, and water coolers (Soechtig, 2009). Every American owns or has own a bottled that contained BPA, and because BPA mimics estrogen most bottles say they are â€Å"BPA free†. â€Å"Bisphoenol A may be one of the most potent, toxic chemicals known to man. The problem is Bisphenol A acts at very low doses as an estrogen,† (Soechtig, 2009).Both PET and BPA can be harming to Americans health, one leading to cancer and the other leading to the reproductive system. One’s life is not only in danger from drinking out of bottled water but the earth’s life as well. A large amount of water is wasted to create plastic bottles plus the water used to fill it. The amounts of bottles produce are not nearly close to the amounts recycled. Of the 80 million single served bottles of water consumed daily, 30 million ends up in landfills (Soechtig, 2009). The other ends up all over the streets making their way to the ocean, lakes, rivers, ca nals.Etc. The average international recycling rate for beverages containers for the word is 50%, but the United States is 20% and this number has been declining (Soechtig, 2009). The cost to produce bottled water is twice as expensive as, if not more, than tap water. Why waste more money on bottled water when people are already paying for it in the comfort of their own home. There is the cost of materials, production, and transportation. â€Å"This energy cost is a thousand times larger than the energy required to produce, process, treat, and deliver tap water,† (Gleick, 2010, p. 5). Are we just paying for the brand of the bottle rather than the quality of the water? 40% of bottled water is really just filtered tap water (Soechtig, 2009). Meaning that if people added a filter to their tap they can have bottled water quality coming out of their own kitchen faucet for a lower price. Most bottled water labels show a beautiful picture of waterfalls or mountains with streams runni ng through, portraying that that’s where the water comes from but in all reality the bottled water People are drinking from doesn’t come from afar.Yosemite water one the most popular bottled water in the Imperial Valley comes from Los Angeles California (Gleick, 2010, p. 110). Bottled water can cause illnesses, pollution, and costs lots of money. It may have the advantage of being convenient, but convenient is not worth harming your health, making the earth less livable, or spending more money on something that can comes out of your kitchen faucet, which in most cases you’re already paying for. Bottled water may look fancy or have a different taste to it but it’s not worth all the consequences.That’s why bottled water is not all it is made out to be. Works Cited Gleick, Peter H. Bottled and Sold: The Story behind Our Obsession with Bottled Water. Washington, Dc: Island, 2010. Print. Olson, Erik D. â€Å"Bottled Water. † NRDC:. NRDC, 1999. We b. 5 Mar. 2013. . Royte, Elizabeth. Bottlemania: Big Business, Local Springs, and the Battle over America's Drinking Water. New York: Bloomsbury, 2009. Print. Rubin, B. S. , M. K. Murray, D. A. Damassa, J. C. King, and A. M. Soto. Abstract. † National Center for Biotechnology Information. U. S. National Library of Medicine, 20 Dec. 2005. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. . Soechtig, Stephanie. â€Å"Tapped. † | Tapped the Movie – Official Site |. N. p. , 2009. Web. 19 Mar. 2013. . Us Geological Survey. â€Å"The Water in You. † Water Properties: (Water Science for Schools). Us Geological Survey, Oct. 2009. Web. 5 Mar. 2013. .

Government treatment of citizens after an attack of the country Essay

Government treatment of citizens after an attack of the country - Essay Example Alan Schlosser, legal director of the ACLU said discriminating against non-citizen airport screeners would not make us safer or more secure. Infact, it will certainly decrease air travel security by eliminating much of the experienced and trained workforce. This issue was to discriminate immigrants but it was debated out. American human rights law uses much the same terminology to recognize these and a few additional rights of noncitizens. A bill of rights for inspirational and guidance was passed on with the notion that all persons, whatever there legal status, have basic rights and should be treated equally. Eleven days after the terrorist attack, the congress passed the air transportation safety and stabilization Act to protect air carriers from tort lawsuits against the airlines at their pre-existing liability insurance limits. The act established the September 11th compensation fund of 2001 in which victims of the attacks could opt to waive all federal and state tort claims and receive administrative relief through a predetermined formula, under the discretion of the fund administrator. (James, 1970) In centrally, Fifty five years ago in august, the U.S dropped a

Syphilis-treponema pallidum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Syphilis-treponema pallidum - Essay Example Chancre stage is followed by systemic secondary phase with fever and rash on palms and soles. The secondary stage is followed by the tertiary stage or the latent period which is for indefinite time, however, tertiary stage may/ may not occur. The article also states about the last stage of syphilis infection- neurosyphilis where the causal organisms attacks the central nervous system and demolishes fiber tract. This results in progression of dementia, blindness and partial motor paralysis. The article mentioned the pyrotherapy treatment introduced by Warner-Jauregg. To cure syphilis the individuals were treated with the blood sample of malaria patient which contains parasite Plasmodium. Plasmodium is known to increase the body temperature, the spirochete Treponema pallidum cannot survive the temperature above 41 degree Celsius as a result the causal organism of syphilis gets destroyed and individuals return to their normal lives. However, the success ratio for such treatment is very less. The article highlights the auspicious discovery made by Alexander Fleming of penicillin during World War II as the medication for various bacterial diseases. The discovery of antibiotic penicillin revolutionized the world of diseases caused by bacterial strains. Antibiotics have given a new paradigm drift in the field of medicine. The article did not mention anything about the vaccine for syphilis. However, it discussed about the pyrotherapy to overcome the condition of syphilis. Later, the article discusses about the discovery of antibiotic which acts as a key to combat disease causing bacterial strains. The article did not specify the age to witness the condition of syphilis. The causal organisms of syphilis, Treponema pallidum is sexually transmitted, the sexually active individuals are likely to witness the causal organism. One reason that the article specified for 50 percent of the patients returned to normalcy and continued with their normal life is

Trusts-UK legal system,fuduciaries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Trusts-UK legal system,fuduciaries - Essay Example Dean, the company’s solicitor agreed with Anna that she would negotiate the purchase, receiving 5% of the final purchase figure. Anna negotiated the purchase price at  £1million. Anna and Dean were also responsible for the renegotiation of the company’s key ingredient (Citsalp) supplier, Kipling Ltd. Kipling Ltd requested  £50,000 in advance and  £2,500 per month for the exclusivity of the supply, and the company could not afford this. Anna and Dean put together the money themselves and negotiate with Kipling Ltd purchase the supply and its exclusivity. They then offer the company exclusivity of supply of Citsalp at  £25,000 in advance and  £2,750 per month. [Kipling are happy with this]. Anna decides to sell her shares and retire as director, selling her shares in Gealette Ltd to Beauty Trust for  £20,000 below the market value. The new product is delayed and causes Gealette Ltd significant losses, and it is on the verge of folding. Gealette Ltd’s shares are almost worthless. The nature of a person in decision making decides the success rate in any business enterprise. At times, being aggressive in decision making helps and during some times, it may fail if the organization falters in strategic decisions. Trustee is a person who administers a trust. At the same time, a trustee is considered as a fiduciary and he or she owes the highest duty under the law to protect trust property from unreasonable loss for the trusts beneficiaries. In cases of mismanagement of trust property by trustee, he or she would be held liable for the extent of loss incurred. Anna in the present cases study has undergone the similar experience. Being a trustee of a beauty trust, she has some reasonable rights in representing the trust in several national and international forums. She analysed that the purchase of shares in company â€Å"Gealette† would certainly benefit the trust and accordingly the beauty trust purchased

Why you are interested in becoming a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine Essay

Why you are interested in becoming a Doctor of Podiatric Medicine. Provide information about your development for a career in Podiatric Medicine - Essay Example I have always gravitated more towards the field of medicine since that time when I first joined the global medicine masters program at USC. This is because of a very terrifying experience which I had to deal with for quite a long time in my childhood. This experience involves my brother with whom I have always been very emotionally attached. He suffered a leg injury when I was quite young and seeing him writing in pain casted a deep influence on me. I am very sorry that my brother could not have a really talented paediatrician who would have helped him walk better. I have personally witnessed how not being able to walk perfectly can interfere with a good life which every human being wants. I have also constantly lived with the idea of how big an influence a paediatrician can cast on an adolescent’s life and this idea has never once ceased to amaze me. Seeing my brother’s pain emphasized that intensity even more with which I began to idealize the career of paediatric medicine. I want to become a professional paediatrician because I am exactly aware of the potential of such professionals to bring a critically positive change in the lives of suffering

Ultrasound Image Modality Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ultrasound Image Modality - Assignment Example Color flow imaging uses high-intensity pulse wavelengths that are 3 – 4 times longer than B-mode image pulses, with an equivalent spatial resolution decrease. In previous clinical trials, grayscale version of three-dimensional displays has been recreated to determine mitral regurgitation. Regurgitant mitral flow jets could hardly be differentiated from adjoining structures of the heart. A regurgitant mitral flow displayed in the color-coded three-dimensional image was developed but eventually proved to be ineffective because the display failed to incorporate cardiac structures. Failure of the regurgitant flow to supply spatial information, jet origin and its course of action led to the reconstruction of a more enhanced colored 3D regurgitant jet by a transesophageal approach with Doppler color flow mapping that displayed a combination of grayscale and color flow information. OBJECTIVE:Â  To reveal the possibility of three-dimensional recreation of regurgitant mitral flow jets using the new method of color programmed digitized statistics obtained through transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). METHOD:Â  46 patients with detected mitral regurgitation on a prior transthoracic study and undergoing transesophageal echocardiography were evaluated. Patients with atrial fibrillation were not excluded from standard procedures. To measure regurgitant flow in 3D, a commercial ultrasound imaging system with a TEE probe was used. An alternation approach of data collection was employed for two-dimensional color flow images at 3-degree spaces above 180 degrees. Three-dimensional color flow jets were showed alongside grayscale information of the surrounding structures of the heart.

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Literature Review - Essay Example Kundera shows himself both as a talented historian and psychologist. In well-structured, enchanting manner Kundera entraps his readers in the worlds of his novels. His creative works is a sign of ideological struggle of Czech intellectuals in the age of Stalinism. Kundera was a Communist himself when this ideology was born, but very soon he was expulsed from the Party and his career was threatened because of his innocent joke. From that moment Kundera in his novels used jokes, irony and sarcasm in order to show how innocent trifle can ruin lives. This research paper is focused on his two novels â€Å"The Joke† and â€Å"The Book of Laughter and Forgetting†. On the examples of these two works a transformation of Kundera from a scrutinizer of the past to a sarcastic mocker of the past is shown. Dualistic manner of Kundera’s writing is shown as a basis for his novels. Thus the writer talks about the past and the present; he shows realistic and nonrealistic main characters; depicts the gap between heroes’ beliefs and realities etc. His manner of writing is bipolar; in such a way Kundera supposedly wants to show the ambiguity of human lives. This ambiguity was well-discerned on the example of the age of Stalinism. People had to think and act in one way in their daily life, but in their conscious, hearts and souls they lived other lives. Destructive force of Stalinism is shown on the examples of Kundera’s main characters of these two main novels. Ludvik, Helena, Mirek, Tamina and others were destructed by the huge ‘Communist slaughter’. In order to assess their essence, analyze their past, these characters wander between self-analysis and revenge, between accusing them and the history of their lost lives. In these tragic turbulences echoes a destiny of Kundera. Therefore while reading these two novels it is possible to reveal the curtain of mysterious genius of

Pubic speaking paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pubic speaking paper - Essay Example Our forefathers had a dream of building a great nation. Our country has made this large strides which can be traced back to the foundation of the dreams our forefathers had for this nation. They were ready to give their life for something they thought was greater than their individual interests. They wanted nothing but the best for our great nation. The United States of America remains one of the great and globally influental country and we hope to remain so for generations to come. We have been and we will always be so long we remain patriotic to our ideals and value the strength of our diversity. As a leader of this great country, I believe we will be able to achieve our millenium goals by being an exemplary global leader in investing in educating the young generation that will lead to globally competent leaders of the societies to come and offer lasting a lasting solution to global war crisis. There is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining to ones character than giving one’s all to a difficult task. United States of America is a far more diverse country than any other country in the world. We remain the most powerful nation because we have chosen the strength and the bonding we gain from our socio-cultural differences to be our driving impetus into the building of our great nation. The advancements we have achieved in providing globally competetive learning institutions and technological advancements are the prime indicators of our nation as the global harbour of knowledge for generations to come. Thats why we strive to make America a destination for the validity of any child’s dreams from any country in the world. This will go along way in academically financing children from needy backgrounds in the world by provision of fully of partially funded academic and merit based scholarship to study in our institutions of higher learning so that they ca n give back and change the leadership in

Blended Learning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Blended Learning - Assignment Example In the review of related literature, you need to offer some definitions for traditional face-to-face learning processes, its advantages and disadvantages, the perceptions of teachers towards using it, the perceptions of students towards being taught through it, and any other related materials. When the above is achieved, you need to conduct a thorough literature review on online assessment and teaching, its origins, its impacts on the learning processes of students, its advantages and limitations, teachers perceptions and attitudes towards its use, as well as students' perceptions and attitudes towards being taught using the system. In all this, you need to actively research on some previous studies that have been undertaken on traditional face-to-face learning processes as well as on the online learning processes and assessment. You need to compare and contrast the two, and your analysis must be based on reliable information. That's why you need to undertake a deep literature review. ... 4. How is it perceived by both the students and the teachers Here, expound more on different perceptions and attitudes held by both the teachers and the students. Be sure to include attitudes and perceptions that are specific to the country where the case study will be carried out. 5. Does it increase the performance and learning outcomes of students After that, be sure to conduct an extensive research for materials on the following 1. What does online assessment and blended learning entails 2. Document the growth of blended learning in institutions of higher learning. Be sure to include some examples of how blended learning is used in various institutions. Examples that are specific to your country will be excellent. 3. What are the advantages and limitations of blended learning in our institutions of higher learning Again, be sure to include some examples. 4. How has blended learning affected the performance and learning outcomes of students Blended learning entails the use of both face-to-face as well as Information Communication Technology (ICT) based form of learning. This is the most crucial part as it directly addresses the research question. Here, you must rely heavily on previous research and scholarly works of various authors to come up with means through which blended learning can be used to improve the performance and learning outcomes of students. The following areas also need to be extensively researched on as they will guide your research question 1. Does the country have a strategy or policy paper on face-to-face learning processes If it is there, document it and be sure to document its effectiveness (or failures). 2. Has education stakeholders designed a strategy for incorporating blended learning in the institutions of

A piece of wire on the resistance Essay Example for Free

A piece of wire on the resistance Essay Resistance gives us an idea of how easily electrons flow through a conductor it is the opposition of a material to the flow of electricity through it. It is caused by the internal structure of the material and its atoms, and tends to convert electrical energy in to heat. It is measure in ohms (? ). To measure resistance you must first find the voltage, which is the change in current between to certain points in a circuit. Electricity gives us a way of transferring energy and voltage is a measure of the energy available per coulomb of charge passing. Then you also need the current, which is measured in amps, electrical current as occur when there is a drift of charged particles (electrons or ions) in a particular direction. However there are some effects of the current flowing through a wire, it tends to heat up. If you divide both the voltage and the amps you get the resistance. Resistance = Potential Difference (in V) Current (in A) There are four main factors that effect resistance, these are: As temperature increases, the resistance of the wire increases as well. Some metals are better conductors than others, for example Nichrome has more resistance than copper. The thickness of the wire affects it as well because the thicker the wire the more resistance there is.   And the one I am testing- As the length of the wire increases, as does the resistance because there is further for the energy the travel so it looses energy along the way. In 1826 Georg Ohm discovered that the current flowing through a metal wire is proportional to the potential difference across it. In other words if you double the potential difference the current is also doubled. However this law is only obeyed when all the conditions stay constant. However the shorter the wire the more energy is converted into heat due to more atoms for the electrons to collide with. So the wire temperature increases which was one factor that Ohm did not take into consideration. A battery supplies voltage to the circuit between its terminals. Ideally the voltage should stay constant, however it does not, this is because the battery itself has resistance and acts like a resistor. This is called internal resistance. Prediction: I predict that as I increase the length of the wire the resistance will also increase, because as the current goes through the wire the electrons lose energy because they collide with the atoms of the metal and they lose the energy via heat loss. This causes there to be a decreases in the push force that move the electrons around the circuit. If the wire is longer there will be more collisions and so the electrons will lose even more energy thus losing the push force. If I double the voltage the current will also increase because voltage and current are both proportional. However as stated above in my research I shall not expect this to be exactly correct because not everything in my circuit is not remaining constant the temperature of the wire should increase. Equipment: Energy source (batteries) Ammeter   Volt Meter   Metal wire 5 wires Plan:   I will set up my equipment ensuring that the volt meter is parallel to the metal wire I will then insert the 30 cm long wire and measure the amps and volts Then I will take away 5 cm off the wire and read off the ammeter and volt meter   I will repeat this till I have a 5 cm piece of wire. Diagram: Ammeter Volt Meter Wires Metal wire Batteries Preliminary Results and Changes: Length (cm) Voltage (V) Amps (A) Resistance 30cm cm After doing my preliminary experiment I have decided to do the test every 3 cm so it will go 30cm, 27cm, 24cm, 21cm etc. Results Results table 1 Length (cm) Voltage (V) Amps (A) Resistance 30cm. Results Table 2 Length (cm) Voltage (V) Amps (A) Resistance 30cm Results table 3 Length (cm) Voltage (V) Amps (A) Resistance 30cm Average Result for resistance Length of wire (cm) Average Resistance Conclusion I can now conclude that the resistance increases as the voltage (and current) increases because energy is lost as the electrons go through the wire and collide with the atoms. Having looked at my results and graph I can also conclude that the resistance is directly proportional to the length of wire because my graph is fairly straight. Despite the fact that hardly any off my points are exactly on the line, they follow the line of best fit and are very close to it. This shows that the resistance increases as the length of the wire increases due to more atoms for the electrons to collide with (see prediction and research for further details). Gradient y1 y2 Two points: This shows that my line of best fit goes up very gradually. The graph that I have drawn is very misleading because it looks as though the line goes up steeply; this is because my scale is very big. If I half the scale my line would appear to go up at half the steepness. Resistance per centimeter   Evaluation My results in my opinion are fairly reliable we have the odd result as with most experiments, however on the whole our results and graph show that the current is directly proportional to the voltage and that was our aim in the beginning. Our graph is reliable despite the fact that only two results actually touch the line (this could be due to back readings off or a fault in our method) because all of our results follow the line and are very close to it. Regardless of getting reliable results except a few anomalous results we could have improved our method by ensuring that we had the set amount of wire in between the clip, for example 30cm, because when you add the clips it takes of about 2 cm so we could all of the experiment with the wire 2cm longer. Also as stated above in my research temperature has to remain a constant, which it was not because the smaller the wire got heat was lost so the resistance would be higher so maybe our lower results are not as reliable as the higher ones. Abigail Male 1st February 2002 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.

Analysis of Islamic Banking in the UK

Analysis of Islamic Banking in the UK This research plan will be a hub of attention to inspect the opportunities of progress and growth as well as the major challenges to Islamic banking in the UK. The UK is the hub of Islamic banking and contains importance in Islamic financial sector due to its fast growing Muslim population. Islamic banking is facing some great challenges in the UK because the financial system is more favourable to conventional banking. There are greater opportunities in the UK for development and growth of Islamic financial system because Muslim community is eager to take financial products and they are willing to spend their lives according to their religion. There is need to educate the Muslim community toward Islamic financial products; service providers need to improve the information system within the communities and Islamic banking institution is need to work hard for survival and compete with conventional banking system in the sector of regulations and supervisions. The keywords in this resear ch are Islamic banking, Islamic finance, Muslim population, Muslim scholars, Islamic banking growth in the UK and Islamic banking challenges. 2.0 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE According to the figures of Office for National Statistics 2001, there was 1.6 million (2.8%) Muslims living in the United Kingdom but according to Home Secretary the Muslim population is increasing with high growth rate. In just seven years there is an increase of 40,000 Muslims in the UK and figures reached on 2 million which consist of 3.3% of total UK population. There was no any facility available to Muslim community before 2000 but the Muslim population want to spend their lives according to their faith. According to Islamic teaching interest is strongly prohibited in Islam and they want to take banking services such as saving accounts, current accounts, home finances, insurance and loan according to Islamic Shariah law. The United Kingdom is non-Muslim country and all its financial rules and regulation in favour of conventional banking. Because the Muslim community is active part of the UK economy, there was need to start a system which is acceptable to these people. Islamic b anking is started in the UK in 2003 with authorization of Financial services Authority. From 2003 to 2009 there is enough improvement and development in Islamic banking system. Currently two main high street conventional banks and one wholly Islamic bank are involved in Islamic banking services. But Islamic banking institution is still in the growth and infancy stage and Islamic banking is facing different challenges in this Western society such as socially, economically, fund management and regulations. With increasing popularity of Islamic banking in Western countries especially in the UK there are some difficulties in the way of Islamic Shariah law, Islamic banking system as well as the role of Financial Services Authority and UK Government are the critical issues. It is necessary to find out the opportunities for development and growth of Islamic banking in the UK and major challenges are faced by Islamic banking. 3.0 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The main objectives of this proposal is to find out the opportunities for development and growth of Islamic banking in UK and challenges which are currently faced by Islamic banking in the world and United Kingdom specially. The main objective of this research proposal is to investigate the basic understanding of Islamic banking in community and in  banking sector because without basic understanding it is difficult to develop this financial  system, whether there is any opportunity for growth and development in the UK and which kind of challenges is faced by Islamic banking. The objectives of the research proposal are to: Examine that how important to know the fundamentals for Islamic banking for Muslim community and service providers. Investigate that do Muslims really believe and know the difference between Islamic banking and conventional banking and what are the factors which make Islamic banking prior to conventional for Muslim community. How important in Sha riah law and its practise for Islamic finance and the role of Islamic scholars in promoting Islamic banking services and products. 4.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Literature review illustrates the concept, scope and principles of Islamic banking around the globe in general and specifically in the United Kingdom. Islamic banking is a universal concept in the conventional banking, which is in practice with its many products in most of high street banks in the UK like HSBC, Lloyd TSB and as well Islamic Bank of Britain. 5.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY There are two main research paradigms positivistic and phenomenological. It is possible that different authors may use the alternative terms for these main paradigms in different time. The most commonly and alternatively used the terms are quantitative research method for positivistic and qualitative for phenomenological (Collis and Hussey, 2003). The originally the positivistic paradigm was developed in the natural sciences to study natural phenomena and it is confirmatory and deductive in nature. The phenomenological paradigm was developed in the social sciences to facilitate the researchers to research and analyze social and cultural phenomena and this approach is exploratory and inductive in nature (www.socialresearchmethods). The paradigm is very important because it gives you a right path to use the right methodology. According to Collis and Hussy (2003 p.55) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Regardless of which paradigm you are employing, it is important that you pay attention to all the featur es, and ensure that there are no contradictions or deficiencies in your methodologyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. The paradigm of this research is phenomenological because it tends to produce qualitative data not quantitative. The quantitative research is objective in nature that involves analysis of numerical data by applying statistical tests (Collis and Hussey, 2003). But the qualitative research is much more subjective in nature, concerned with generating theories and can be generalized in understanding of the phenomenon of challenges and opportunities of Islamic banking in UK. 6.0 RESEARCH PURPOSE Islamic banking is a hot topic in western countries especially in the UK. In the UK almost 2 million Muslims community is living and they want to spend their lives according to their religion (www.guardian.co.uk). This community is well contributing to the economy of the UK due to this the UK government gives more importance in the sector of Islamic banking. Nowadays the UK is the hub of Islamic banking and most of the high street banks providing the services of Islamic window. Due to this growing demand, Islamic banking faces some difficulties and challenges in western countries. The purpose of the study is to examine and analyze the growth and opportunities of Islamic banking in the UK.   7.0 RESEARCH METHOD For this research project, I chose to undertake qualitative research method. The qualitative method is a type of research that emphasizes the quality of meaning in consumer perceptions and behaviours; there are different criteria or techniques can be used in qualitative method such as in-depth interviews and focus groups. The most common qualitative research techniques include: In-depth interview Focus group Case study Direct observation   7.1 Reason for choosing In-depth interview: I chose in-depth interview technique for my qualitative research due to its unique advantages over other techniques such as focus group and questionnaires. In the way of in-depth interviews it is easy to speak to an individual and keep his attention on specific topic comparatively it is difficult in focus group interviews. There is a lot of time saving and reducing the hassles to take an appointment from individual. The main advantage of in-depth interview is that the interviews can be easily conducted with key community leaders through that researcher can get a fast overview of a community according to his requirements. 7.2 Sources of data: 7.2.1 Primary data: This research is based on a study of the UK because growing population of Muslims community is playing positive role for the UK economy. Actually most of the Muslims want to spend their lives according to their faith. In this case study it will be examined that what are the problems and opportunities in the UK for Islamic banking. I will use the qualitative method of research in this project. There are different techniques of qualitative method but according to the situation the in-depth interviews is more suitable form for this project. According to Collis and Hussey (2003) in phenomenological approach the interview questions are unstructured or semi- structured in pattern not closed questions like positivistic approach. The plan is that the researcher will prepare semi-structured questions that are helpful to take maximum information from interviewees because in closed questions it is possible that some important information will be ignored. In semi-structured interviews the resear cher has an opportunity to probe various areas and to raise specific queries during the semi-structured interviews. 7.3 Data collection methods: For the collection of primary data I shall use technique of in-depth interview. The plan is to hold the eight in-depth interviews from different sectors of the society. The researcher will hold four interviews from the banks authorities such as HSBC, Lloyd TSB and Islamic Bank of Britain that will give the clear facts and figures about the growth, opportunities and problems related to Islamic banking with reference to shariah compliance and Governmental authorities. Two with such Muslims who already customer of the Islamic banking which will facilitate the research through providing the information why they did take up Islamic banking, advantages and disadvantages of this system and as well about the scope of Islamic banking in UK. Two with such Muslims that are not using Islamic banking product which will helpful to investigate why they have not taken the Islamic banking product and which factors are stopping them from these services that are according to their faith. My plan is to speak to non-Muslims that are using the Islamic banking products that will provide the best information for the growth and strong fundamentals of Islamic banking. The planned is to conduct these interviews through sending letters to banking authorities and emails to customer services department of the perspective banks to arrange an appointment. To take interviews from customers and non-customers of the Islamic banking the interviewer will use the posters advertisement in the mosques and libraries in that area where the Muslims are living in majority. The interviews will be recorded using the voice recorder with the permission of the interviewees. If the voice recorder is not possible then the interviewer will take notes which will be summarized with full detail and also these notes will be available on demand for further investigation. 8.0 Research limitations: This research was proposed to be conducted in a very short span of 8 weeks, which forced the researchers to curtail the research from expanding in to a wider spectrum. According to the proposed planned of seven interviews it is possible that there should be some hurdle to get all information from customers of Islamic banking. In the course of research if the researcher will feel to get more widely information about the growth of Islamic banking then mini open ended questionnaires will be conducted. As the research was a part of student project there where huge limitations on financial resources. Lack of financial backup congests the team, which in turn curbed the research team from dilating the research. Conclusion: The purpose of research is to find out opportunities of growth and development as well the main challenges to Islamic banking in the United Kingdom. The primary data which was collected through in-depth interviews is to match with the different opinions of the community members about the scope and future of Islamic banking in the UK. The outcomes and results of these in-depth interviews are matched with aims and objectives of the research.

Are Artists Heroes? Artists that Defy Convention

Are Artists Heroes? Artists that Defy Convention The Idea of Artist as Hero They do not fight wars, end famine or rescue small children from burning buildings. Yet, at least according to some Renaissance-era boosters, they are heroes. Though they may not have led battalions, their accomplishments on the canvas were thought to be of such magnitude that, according to many, they deserved heroic praise and treatment. (Barolsky, 1998.) Two artists of their time who may deserve such accolades- emphasizing the qualifier- were Berthe Morisot and James Abbott McNeill Whistler. Though their work did not necessarily put their lives and bodies in danger, they, and many contemporary impressionists were heroes for daring to defy convention. Berthe Morisot was born into a wealthy French family where she was taught to appreciate art from an early age. However, this appreciation did not mean that she should have sought to make art her life’s work and Morisots’ decision to do so was surely a surprising one. Manet became one of her biggest influences both professionally and personally, so much so that he was eventually her brother in law. (Neary, 2005.) Morisot was known for her â€Å"pictorial technique, with her loose brushstrokes, unfinished backgrounds, and light-infused color† (Author Unknown, 2005) which placed her squarely in the Impressionist camp, a school of thought she remained loyal to in her work long after the Impressionists disbanded and the movement died. James Abbott McNeill Whistler, a Morisot contemporary, was born in Lowell, Massachusetts and spent his childhood shuttled between America and Russia, which was where his father worked as a railroad engineer. Shortly after his father died, Whistler, then still a child, came back to America, settled in Connecticut and attended West Point. At the age of twenty, Whistler left America and never came back, preferring to work in Europe. However, Europeans themselves did not care for Whistler’s output, considering it to be too abstract. Whistler in turn responded that the art favored by critics is too detailed, almost to the point of the canvas being stuffed with extras. (Author Unknown, 1998.) What made Morisot and Whistler, whose only commonality seemed to be their artistic styles, deserving of being artistic heroes? Perhaps it was their will to define convention. This willingness cost them dearly. As Brown writes of Morisot, Whistler and their fellow impressionists, they â€Å"began to oppose the Academic standards that had dominated artistic production since the time of Louis XIV† and were consequently met with public â€Å"mockery and derision.† (Brown, 2005.) Whether in politics, religion, art or any other aspect of society, it is never an easy thing to defy convention. Indeed, Brown’s article notes that towards the beginning of Hitler’s reign, he organized the â€Å"degenerate art show† where the German public was invited to laugh at what was perceived by Nazis to be art that was beneath them. Two decades later, United States Senator Joseph McCarthy targeted visual artists in his hearings and three decades afterwards another United States Senator, Jesse Helms, insisted that the National Endowment for the Arts be disbanded. All three of the subjects mentioned above had plans that reached beyond artists- be it Hitler’s Final Solution on McCarthy’s hearings on supposed Communist sympathizers- or Helms’ frequent attack on minorities and homosexuals. Yet in each of these cases, artists were the canaries in the coal mine- they were the first to wither attacks because they were perceived to be the easie st targets. Before his death in 1903, Whistler produced over four hundred paintings, many of which are now exhibited in galleries and museums world-wide. (Author Unknown, 1998.) Yet, all this fame was garnered well after Whistler’s demise. Even Leonardo Da Vinci, despite being well-respected even during his years on Earth, was mistrusted by certain British authorities- because he worked with his left hand. This struck many of the powers that be as ungodly and at one point Leonardo was tried as a sodomite. (Brown, 2005). Indeed, history is filled with figures who, despite having done good, often ground-breaking work, faced persecution- particularly in the Old World- [Galileo, Newton, even Einstein]. Lest one think that this is merely an exercise in Christianity-bashing or perhaps in decrying conventional Western civilization as we know it, it is important to note that early Christians themselves faced the wrath of others for being different. Tertullian, a figure of the Roman times, elucidated that â€Å"Christians are to blame for every public disaster and every misfortune that befalls the people.† (Wade, 2002.) Nor does this mean that anything which is new will inevitably shunned, with innovators put on the dock by the majority. A contemporary example involves the British Council, which recently reopened in Libya after a thirty year absence. (Black, 2007) However, people as a whole tend to operate within narrow confines, tend to lead safe lives and tend to dislike sudden changes or challenges to the routine of life. It is this aversion to change that allows the ridicule and persecution of the different. What, or who is a hero? Certainly those who fight fires, catch criminals, serve on the battlefield, or minister to the infirm in hospital wards count. But so too those men and women who create, inspire and persevere against the odds of their time. References: 1) Author Unknown. (2005) â€Å"Berthe Morisot: An Impressionist and Her Circle,† National Museum of Women in the Arts, 14 January-8 May 2005, accessed via http://www.nmwa.org/exhibition/artists.asp?exhibitid=122 on 25 May 2007. 2) Author Unknown. (1998) â€Å"James McNeill Whistler,† Scottish-American,  History Club, July 1998, accessed via  http://www.chicago-scots.org/clubs/History/Newsletters/1998/July98-3.htm on 25 May 2007. 3) Barlosky, P. (1998) â€Å"Leonardo, Satan and the Mystery of Modern Art,† The Virginia Quarterly Review, Summer 1998, accessed via http://www.vqronline.org/articles/1998/summer/barolsky-leonardo-satan/ on 25 May 2007. 4) Black, I. (2007) â€Å"Great Grooves and Good Grammar,† The Education Guardian, 10 April 2007, accessed via http://education.guardian.co.uk/tefl/story/0,,2053576,00.html on 25 May 2007. 5) Brown, B.A. (2005) â€Å"The Artist as Crazy, as Fraud, as Psychopath,† ArtScene, April 2005, accessed via http://artscenecal.com/ArticlesFile/Archive/Articles2005/Articles0405/BBrown0405.html on 25 May 2007. 6) Neary L. (2005) â€Å"Impressionist Berthe Morisot, Rediscovered,† National Public Radio (NPR) Morning Edition, 1 February 2005. 7) Wade, R. (2002) â€Å"Persecution in the Early Church,† Probe Ministries, July 2002, accessed via http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/persecution.html on 25 May 2007.

The War in America :: essays research papers fc

The War in America Vietnam is a small Asian country, 9000 miles away from the United States. Yet America felt that its national interest were threatened strong enough to fight a war over there. Their fear was caused by the spread of communism at that time. The role of communism was extremely important in this conflict. The United States had to enter the war to stop the spread of communism in Asia since the North Vietnam were communist. If North Vietnam converted Vietnam into a communist country, it could become very powerful and go on to persuade other countries to become communist. The U.S. believed that Vietnam could become powerful, and it was willing to go through anything to stop that, including sending millions of US troops to Vietnam and watching them die live on TV, and this greatly effected the American culture and society. The Vietnam War changed the lives of many people. "By the end of 1965, 184,314 troops were in Vietnam" (Alterman 11). "Within a year, the number had grown to 385,000"(Alterman 11). Back in America, they were suffering as their sons died overseas. All this effected American society greatly. Moms were losing sons, sisters were losing brothers, and children were losing dads. The Vietnam War had a horrible outcome. â€Å"More than 47,000 Americans were killed in action, 11,000 died of other causes, and 303,000 were wounded†(Alterman 11). As more Americans continued to leave for Vietnam, the American people responded with disappointment and that caused the American society to lose faith in the government. At this time a series of protests took place across the nation. Students and professors began to organize teach-ins on the war at university all across America. This really showed how the war had effected America society, causing protests, and marches. When President Johnson sent in the first combat troops, and ordered the bombing of North Vietnam in 1965, the antiwar movement in the US grew even larger. "Many Americans felt cheated and betrayed by Johnson because they had considered him as a peace candidate in 1964"(Thomas and Vistica 24 ). â€Å"One of The first anti-war protest was the Washington, 20,000-person marchâ€Å"( McMahon 303). Opposition to the war also caused students to resist the draft. They refused to be selected for the military because they thought the war was wrong. Many 19-year-old boys were dying. College students received deferments, or postponement of military services, because of their occupation.

Human Resources Conflict :: Human Resources Essays

Human Resources Conflict In this section I will be identifying possible areas of conflict between the various human resources functions in Southgate College. The human resources functions are: Selection Recruitment and Training In Southgate College the recruitment process for teaching staff can take a long time there are several reasons for this: 1.Some skills are in very short supply such as electrical instillation, plumbing and construction and also motor vehicle maintenance. This is because these skills earn far more money in the labour market than if people with these skills be paid if they came to work at Southgate College as a teacher. 2.Owners of these skills would be expected like all teachers in further education, to undergo 2 years training part time for the certificate of education, which is a government requirement. But many plumbers and electricians are already well qualified and resent the fact that they have to do another period of training 1 day a week for a job in which they earn far less money than if they stayed as plumbers and electricians without the qualifications. So it will be better for the plumbers and the electricians to carry on doing there own jobs rather than becoming a teacher. This is the reason why these courses are hard to come by. So as this shows the rapid decrease in staffing in these occupations has lowered the amount of teachers to teach these courses. This has now forced many colleges to stop these courses as there is better money for them in their own profession rather than teaching it. The main problem with this is that all the staff have to undergo the 2-year training course for the CoE this is a waste of time and effort for this type of job. They already know how to teach their profession so this leads them not to teach and stay where they are. If Southgate College chooses not to train its workforce it will be faced with additional recruitment costs. This is because when skills are required existing employees will have to be made redundant. The importance of Training and Development at Southgate College is that If they neglect and do not train the staff it you will be caught out in the end either by staff leaving due to low moral; Southgate college may not perform at its peak because staff may not know how to use equipment properly or are not sure what the correct procedure is or your business falls behind because either you or your staff have not been given the opportunity to update their skills or knowledge within the college. Recruitment and Appraisals

The Island Of Dr. Moreau :: essays research papers

The Island of Dr. Moreau The Island of Dr. Moreau is a story that questions the ability of men playing God. The balance of nature is put to the ultimate test as a man by the name of Charles Edward Prendick stumbles across an out-of-control experiment that fuses man with animal. At first glance, this tropical paradise seems idyllic. But deep in the jungles lies a terrifying secret. Moreau and Montgomery have been preforming scientific research on human beings and the experiment goes terribly wrong. They have ignored the most fundamental law of the jungle: survival of the fittest. The first illustration is a drawing of Doctor Moreau explaining his status on the island to Prendick. Prendick has been finding out things that he shouldn't have been knowing, and he demands answers. He gets his answers from Dr. Moreau but he hears things that are unimaginable. Moreau explains how he mutates humans into beast-like animals. For the rest of Prendick's stay on the island he maintains an uneasy feeling and he wishes he never arrived on this island. The Next sketch illustrates the beasts new thirst for blood, which is a major turning point for the story. Roaming free, these beast-people are highly intelligent with murderous instincts. Their thirst for blood is pacified through a combination of sedatives and shock discipline. But events triggered by Prendick's unexpected arrival are about to break Moreau's God- like domination over these resentful creatures. The last drawing in my visual essay symbolizes a catastrophe. This was a point in the novel were all hell broke loose. Prendick found himself in the middle of a violent eruption between the doctor and his "family." Moreau, Montgomery, and most of the beasts lost their lives. Prendick himself was even forced to kill. It ended up that he was the last one left on the island except for a few beasts. Prendick later escaped the clutches of his captors and flees the island leaving behind terror, but taking a new life with him.

Impact of Tourism Industry to the Environment Essay

Introduction The tourism industry can pose a threat to the environment, if changes made to it are not sustainable and are irreversible. This paper is entitled â€Å"Impact of the tourism Industry to the Environment: A Philippine Situation.† The researchers want to discuss how the tourism industry can pose a threat to the environment regarding to the changes made, whether it is not sustainable and irreversible. The researchers chose to do this paper in order to complete the major requirement of Comski 2. Second, to apply their knowledge on what they’ve learned from the study of research. Third, to apply their learning on APA. Hopefully, this paper will serve as reference guide for the upcoming tourism students to develop their writing skills and love for reading. This research paper will help the students to have a better understanding on how the tourism industry can pose a threat to the environment when a not sustainable and irreversible change have made. According to It’s Mo re Fun in the Philippines website, the Philippines is the third largest English speaking country in the world. It has a rich history combining Asian, European, and American influences. Prior to Spanish colonization in 1521, the Filipinos had a rich culture and were trading with  the Chinese and the Japanese. Spain’s colonization brought about the construction of Intramuros in 1571, a â€Å"Walled City† comprised of European buildings and churches, replicated in different parts of the archipelago. In 1898, after 350 years and 300 rebellions, the Filipinos, with leaders like Jose Rizal and Emilio Aguinaldo, succeeded in winning their independence. In 1898, the Philippines became the first and only colony of the United States. Following the Philippine-American War, the United States brought widespread education to the islands. Filipinos fought alongside Americans during World War II, particularly at the famous battle of Bataan and Corregidor which delayed Japanese advance and saved Australia. They then waged guerilla war against the Japanese from 1941 to 1945. The Philippines regained its independence in 1946. Filipinos are a freedom-loving people, hav ing waged two peaceful, bloodless revolutions against what were perceived as corrupt regimes. Read more: It’s More Fun in the Philippines Food The Philippines is a vibrant democracy, as evidenced by 12 English national newspapers, 7 national television stations, hundreds of cable TV stations, and 2,000 radio stations. Filipinos are a fun-loving people. Throughout the islands, there are fiestas celebrated everyday and foreign guests are always welcome to their homes. According to Tourism Research and Statistics Division, visitor arrivals in 2013 totaled to 4,681,307 surpassing the previous year’s record of 4,272,811 by 9.56%. This feat gives the tourism industry a new milestone as tourists continue to demonstrate sustained growth amidst challenges. During the year, visitor count reached an all time high of more than 400,000 during the months of January, February, March, July and December. The highest growth rate, on the other hand, were recorded in February (15.8%), June (14.0%) and August (13.0%). Koreans remain the biggest source market with 24.9% share to total inbound visitors for 1.17 million arrivals. This market continued to sustain growth at 13% by year-end. The successful conclusion of air services agreement in this market has contributed to increase in flight frequencies in key international gateways. Chinese tourists have bounced back with year-end growth of 69.9% for a total visitor arrival of 426,352. This volume surpassed the revised target for China of 260,000 set at the beginning of the year. The substantial increase in Chinese visitors was first felt in May when arrival posted 107.7% growth. For the past eight months, growth was steady at more than 100% to double digit. Accordingly,  Chinese visitor share to total inbound expanded from 5.9% in 2012 to 9.1% in 2013. Japanese visitors continued to rise steadily with 433,705 arrivals for 5.1% growth. The implementation of new programs and introduction of new products targeting new and niche markets have revitalized the growth in this market. Remaining as the third biggest source market, Japan accounted for 9.2% share to total visitors. Australians and Singaporeans have already surpassed the Taiwanese as the fourth and fifth source of visitor arrivals. These markets posted 11.4%and 18.0%, respectively. These markets demonstrated slow but consistent expansion from seventh and eight ranks during the year. Visitors from the United States of America (USA) contributed the second biggest arrivals at 674,564 for a share of 14.4%. Other countries that contributed substantially are Taiwan with 139,099 arrivals, Canada with 131,381 arrivals, Hongkong with 126,008 arrivals, and United Kingdom with 122,759 arrivals, Malaysia with 109,437 arrivals and Germany with 70,949 arrivals. Moreover, the following markets generated noteworthy gains: Saudi Arabia (+29.7%) with 38,969 arrivals, Vietnam (+27.8%) with 26,599 arrivals, Russian Federation (+25.2%) with 35,404 arrivals, Indonesia (+24.5%) with 45,582 arrivals, United Arab Emirates (+19.5%) with 15,155 arrivals, Thailand (+16.8%) with 47,874 arrivals, France (+15.8%) with 39,042 arrivals and India (+12.5%) with 52,206 arrivals. By regional grouping, the East Asia region continued to contribute the biggest arrivals for share of 49.1% with 2,298,597. The region posted a double-digit gain of 12.73% vis-à  -vis its previous year’s contribution of 2,038,987 arrivals. The ASEAN region maintained its position as the third largest contributor of arrivals by region, accounting for 9.02% of the overall traffic base. This region posted an increase of 12.49%, from its output of 375,190 in 2012. Total revenues gained from inbound visitors for the year was estimated at US$4.40 billion, equivalent to Php 186.15 billion, up by 15.1%. The overall average length of stay of visitors in 2013 remained at 9.6 nights. Foreign visitors stayed for an average of 9.4 nights while Overseas Filipinos stayed an average of 18.8 nights. Average daily expenditure of inbound tourists during the year increased by 8.7% to US$101.12 from the US$ 92.99 recorded in 2012. Koreans showed biggest spent at US$140.81 per day while visitors from the United States have the longest stay at 13.4 nights. On the other hand, based on  per capita spending of the Philippines’ top markets, visitors from Canada recorded the biggest spent at US$1,393.68. It was followed by visitors from Australia with a per capita expenditure of US$1,382.48. Other high spending markets include: Germany with US$1,360.34, U.S.A. with US$ 1,334.34, United Kingdom with US$1,306.86 and Korea with US$ 874.59. Statement of the Problem The study shall focus on how tourism industry can pose a threat to the environment, if changes made to it are not sustainable and irreversible. This research paper will also answer the following questions: 1. Do you think that most of the changes in our environment are caused by the development in our tourism industry? 2. What are the major changes that happened in our country’s environment due to our own tourism industry? 3. Do you think that the policies made by the government to address environmental problems which resulted from the tourism efforts are effective? 4. Has the government made efforts to make our environment sustainable to cater to the demands of the blooming tourism industry? 5. How does the country respond to the growing problems we experience in terms of our environment and its impact to the tourism industry? Scope and Limitations This study shall only focus on how tourism industry can pose a threat to the environment, if changes made are not sustainable or irreversible. However, this study shall not focus on other aspects that are not related to the topic to be discussed. Methodology The researchers chose the topic how the tourism industry can pose a threat to the environment, if changes are made to it not sustainable and irreversible. The researchers made a research interview with an expert in order to answer the research questions being made. The research instruments used were the primary references from the Learning Resource Centre in College Department composed mainly of books and some internet sites that gave information related to the topic. First, the data was gathered by listing the title and author of the book. Second, the researchers browsed some articles and internet sites that can help them to answer some requirements needed in order to complete their paper. The plan used by the  researchers in their data analysis started from the choice of topic to be analyzed, formulation of thesis statement, outline, statement of the problem and first draft. Browsing some background and other related information helped the researchers in creating note cards. The researchers, through their interest on the chosen topic, were able to formulate a research problem, and a couple of research questions. The researchers gathered information led them to the conclusion. Presentation and Data Analysis To complete this study, it is necessary to analyze the data collected in order to answer the research questions. As already indicated in the preceding parts, data are interpreted in a descriptive form. This part comprises the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of the findings resulting from this study. Presentation of Data This study presented how does tourism industry can pose a threat to the environment, if changes are made are not sustainable and irreversible. The research questions formulated by the researcher will be answered using the interpretations of the gathered data. General Overview According to Eturbonews website, the Philippines have the total land area of 30 million hectares; where the 15.8 million is composed of tropical forests. Spread throughout the 7,107 islands of the archipelago, these are home to a recorded 556 species of birds, 180 mammals, and 293 of reptiles and amphibians, as well as a vast variety of trees, plants and flowers. Scientists have confirmed that, in the aggregate, 67 percent of the aforementioned fauna and flora are endemic in the Philippines. Every year, moreover, more new species are being discovered in the Philippines than in any other country. But as the Philippines’ population continues to grow, so have its forests shrunk. In 1934, when the population was a mere 15 million, 17 million hectares were under forest cover. By 1960, the population had doubled and forests were down to only 10.4 million hectares. Since then, due largely to illegal logging and slash-and-burn farming and despite government and private sector efforts to curb them, the annual deforestation rate has been at 2 percent. These gathered data came from a research interview  conducted by the researcher to an expert. The expert who has been interviewed was Ms. Joreen Rocamora a Domestic Tourism teacher. Changes Caused by the Tourism Industry According to Ms. Rocamora, not all of the changes in the environment are caused by the development of the tourism industry. For her, these changes in the environment are mostly coming from people. It is not only coming from the tourism development but also coming from avarices, apathy and arrogance of the people. When they seek for more, when they would want to get more from the environment whether it is coming from the industry of engineering and manufacturing, if one is seeking more from it then, definitely our environment would changed negatively. Second apathy, when one is indifferent, he or she does not care about the lives of other people especially on how they lived. Environmental awareness will just throw away all of those things and one can harm the environment if we do not think other people especially the future generation, whether it is coming from the tourism industry, engineering or manufacturing or any other industry like agriculture, it could also harm the environment . It is not coming mainly from the tourism industry; that’s why there is eco-tourism. Eco-tourism is low impact tourism, there is no need for us to develop the area, we just need to maintain, sustain and preserved what we have in the community. There’s no need for a lot of visitors to occupy the said area. Tourism development, yes it is one of the reason if we do not minimize the negative impacts of development in our country, particularly in a certain destination. If we maximize all the positive impacts definitely it will not harm the environment. For example when we have new hotels, if they use solar for their power, if they use organic materials, if they use biodegradable and even reuse water to cover the field and even the golf courses for watering the golf courses; when you say tourism development you also pertain to practices and management systems. For example, corporate social responsibility wherein hotels their management reach out to the community to help them and to clean up, to have coastal cleanup, do tree planting. Travel agencies, when we have travel agencies, they also have green movement program wherein they lessen the use of papers and they create packages that would include tree planting activity, coastal cleanup, volunteer tourism. It  means that even if we have to develop certain areas, we can still minimize negative impacts and be able to reach out to the environment and to the community. We give back to the environment and to the community by providing job opportunities. The interview only states that most of the changes made to the environment came not only in tourism industry but also in other industries whether it is sustainable or irreversible. People can be considered as one of those who make changes to the environment due to its apathy and arrogance. They can also be the one to make some necessary action s in order to preserve the natural resources our country have. Major Changes Happened in the Country’s Environment from Tourism Industry Positively we have a lot of developments in our country in the environment like La Mesa Eco-park, the rehabilitation of the eco- park because of tourism industry, because of the local government unit and the commission on the parks they are able to create such programs that give livelihood, opportunities and rehabilitate La Mesa Eco-park, Pasig River is also being restored. We also have several restorations of parks wherein they offer packages like a guided tour with the use of eco-friendly materials. When you say major change, I can say in the environment it is a major change that happened in our country it has rehabilitated and it has sustained our country’s premiere disappearing natural destinations. All in all, most of the changes made to the environment came from tourism industry due to eco-tourism wherein people sustained, maintained and preserved the beauty of natural resources. Due to eco-tourism there are a lot of parks and water forms being rehabilitated. That’s why it can be considered as one of the major changes made by the tourism industry to the country’s environment. Environmental Policies We have one, the latest is â€Å"Bangon Pilipinas†, and it is a program coming from the Department of Tourism wherein the aim is to help the Samar and Leyte and even the Bohol who were affected by the recent typhoon â€Å"Yolanda† and the earthquake. Most of the proceeds from the packaged tours are given to the community and to the people from Samar, Leyte and Bohol. Some examples of the environmental policies are no smoking in some areas, the use of eco-bag. There are laws and environmental programs coming from the  government like no to mining, no to dynamite fishing and the no to killing of whales, now they are preserving this extinct whale sharks and no to killing of primates like tarsier and other indigenous animals. When we say environment were not only talking about plants, we have the flora and faunas, ecosystem, marine rich diversity that’s part of the environment. According to Eturbonews website, an article entitled â€Å"The Philippine Environment and its Eco tourism Potential† states some related topics to environmental policies of the country. Thence, in tune with recent global awakening, aided by mainstream media coverage of environmental issues, and adopting new approaches and strategies toward saving the planet for posterity, Philippine government agencies and the private sector have been working closely to focus broader attention on a source of great pride for the Filipino nation, the country’s abundant wealth of endemic species and the precipitous rate at which these species are decreasing and disappearing. Efforts Made by the Government Yes, Loren Legarda, one of our senators is one of the advocates for environmental programs. She is really pursuing this kind of efforts from the senate. We also have Commissioner Nyem, he is the one who argues to the House of Representatives, he is also the representative to the United Nations World Tourism Organization in the environment. He is the one who made campaign for environmental programs. Yes, they’re creating efforts with regards to, especially, not only coming from the tourism development, as what I have said when we say development it means we are able to develop one area using recycled materials, reusable, like E-jeepney, solar energy, so we can balanced the positive and negative effects. It doesn’t mean that when we develop a certain area the environment would be destructed. Not all changes made in the environment can produce negative effects. In developing environment we have eco-tourism so it doesn’t need to develop, because when it comes to eco-tourism it’s about sustaining the environment. When we say development it is too broad, we can give opportunity. Development is not only about infrastructure, it is not only amenities, it is not only widening of loads. When we say development we can also provide employment other people which can help them earn money and increase their standard of living. Filipinos Respond to the Environmental Problems Our country’s ways to respond to problems are by means of policies. As what I’ve said, the environmental laws, the practices that they are implementing, coordination should be present when the policies are executed; those are the tourism planning and development in our country. Part of our strategic directions for national tourism development plan is developing and sustaining the destinations we have. One of the ways our country is responding to the problems in the environment is by assigning zones called the T.E.Z which stands for Tourism Enterprise Zones, and are the only ones allowed for further development. Other parts not included in the T.E.Z. are not permissible for development because they should just sustain, preserve and maintain it. The most important thing is it should start from us because we are one of those that contributed to the suffering we endure from climate change and global warming. The reason behind the sudden changes in our environment is that it can also come from our own action. We should not be dependent to our government in making plans for the future of our environment. We should have the initiative to do our part even if it will be just in small scale. As strategic directions of the DOT, he said there is a need to develop and market competitive tourist products and destinations; improve market access connectivity and destination infrastructure; and improve tourism governance and human resources. He lamented that the DOT’s budget of $10 million (P423 million) for marketing and promotions has not changed in the past five years, compared to neighboring countries such as Malaysia with $80 million and Thailand with $75 million. With this, he said the DOT will ask the Department of Budget for an additional P5 million in their budget. In a statement, Tourism Secretary Ramon Jimenez said that climate change will become an increasingly pivotal issue affecting tourism development and management. â€Å"The global tourism industry has been marked by changes as a result of the impacts of climate change on tourism destinations, tourist demand, and creation of policy and management responses adopted by key stakeholder groups with respect to adaptation and mitigation,† Jimenez said. Keep tourism industry a float. Commissioner Heherson Alvarez of the Climate Change Commission said that while tourism industry is a contributor to  climate change by generating greenhouse gas emissions through reliance on cars, buses, especially air travel, as well as high levels of energy consumption such as air-conditioning, heating and lighting, viable and sustainable solutions need to be considered. â€Å"We are living on dangerous but challenging times. To curb greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on carbon-heavy energy, we must scale-up the use of renewable energy sources such as biomass, solar, micro-hydro and wind as they are abundant and ecologically sound alternative to fossil fuels,† Alvarez said, adding that the highly populated Philippines is vulnerable because of its relatively low capacity to adapt to the climate crisis. Alvarez further said that tourism has a huge potential to alleviate poverty and spur economic growth â€Å"so it is urgent that the industr y makes it sustainable and disaster-resilient.† â€Å"DOT’s programs are greatly threatened by climate change. We need to keep the tourism industry afloat as it is a matter of national survival,† Alvarez stressed. Legazpi Mayor Geraldine Rosal, on the other hand, said that with the recent calamity that hit Metro Manila and various parts of the country, there is a need for coping mechanism to be able to adapt to climate change and disastrous effects. â€Å"We need to promote now more than ever the bottom-up approach or the learning by doing approach to address the pressing problems confronting us now not only in the eco-cultural tourism sector but in all vertical and cross sectors of society,† Rosal said. The non-government organization Local Climate Change Adaptation for Development (LCCAD) headed by its President and Chairman Nong Rangasa said that the 1st tourism and climate change conference attended by local officials, business sector and tourism officers aims to enhance the level of understanding of those with the tourism industry on how climate variability and extremes could affect development. â€Å"This conference was designed to showcase, demonstrate and translate effective and efficient implementation of science-based analysis for climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction measures,† Rangasa said. Recommendations For the improvement of the study, the researchers would like to recommend the following: 1.This researched paper is suggested to the future researchers to give them more insights about the topic. 2.It is also advised that more  resource materials be used to broaden the study. 3.Choose a topic that they can easily understand and they must also have interest in it. 4.Give citation on every resource used to avoid plagiarism. 5.Follow the steps in making a research paper. 6.Lastly, it is recommended to develop the study in a longer period of time in order to acquire more information about the topic.

Blood Lab

stemma lab Report groundwork A roue experiment was get alonged testing quatern different patients affinity to commence out their limited stock tokens. subscriber line instances argon categorized in quadruple c releaseit line groups based upon the antigen ( proteins on the open of prodigal cells that fag birth a answer from the immune system) (Rh portion 2006) on the surface of the florid pipeline cell. The melodic phrase groups argon A, B, AB and O, names which are broken mickle from the indigene communication channel group system. Although phoney gunstock was utilise for the experiment a metre melodic phrase typing outcome was mum obtained. later on conducting the experiment I was adequate to(p) to come across on the whole told(prenominal) patients downslope fount by comparing the antigens and antibodies found at bottom the countercurrent. Materials and Methods phoney personal line of credit, p operateic lantern slideways, and antise rum were the materials use to perform this experiment. In order to specify from each one patients assembly line flake it was necessary to manoeuvre ii drops of the simulated pitch in each swell on the charge plate slide labeled A, B, and Rh. After dropping the billet into the specified wells the countenance antiserum was added to visualize the line of work face.The cardinal antiserums A, B and Rh were placed accordingly to the interconnected occupation showcase on the slide, a toothpick was used to mixed the the two together, if agglutinating activity occurred a peremptory result was indicated. If any three wells on the slide were without agglutination the simple eye emblem of the specific soulfulness was set as O. By cogitate which antigens are beat in the line of credit I was overly suitable to manakin out which antibodies are bring in. The antibodies in the rail line snipe the foreign red business cells by binding to them.For object lesson face A pitch has A antigens and B antibodies, the B antibodies are erect to attack or destroy B antigens (since those antigens would be foreign in this busy persons red split cells). ( rootage typing, 2001) Results The results of the experiment conk outed quatern different argumentation shells. Mr. yards origin type is AB+, Ms. cook is O-, Mr. metalworker is A+ and Mr. Jones has a B- line of reasoning type. The chart be beginning depicts on the unlesston how I came to these results.. Individual Antigens Antibodies Donate overhear vector sum gravel present to from blood type 1. Mr. blue jet A, B, Rh none AB+ prevalent AB+ . Ms. browned no(prenominal) A, B, Rh public O- O- 3. Mr. smith A, Rh B A+, AB+ O+,O-,A+,A- A+ 4. Mr. Jones B A, Rh B+,B-,AB+,AB- O-,B- B- Discussion The first exclusive Mr. Green had antigens A, B and Rh present besides no antibodies present and then terminal Mr. Green had AB+ type blood. AB+ blood tail assembly save be presentd to those w ith the same blood type further can be telephone receiver of any(prenominal) blood type (universal recipient). The stand by individual tried and true was Ms. Brown, her tests results indicated she had no antigens present on her blood which mode she has antibodies A, B, and Rh in her blood. Ms.Browns blood type is O- making her a universal donor but can only when be a recipient of O- blood during a blood transfusion. The third individual Mr. Smith had the front of antigens A and Rh and antibodies B deep down his blood. Mr. Smiths blood type is A+. People with A+ blood can only be a donor to people with A+ and AB+ blood, but can baffle from blood types O+, O-, A+ and A-. The tail and last individual tested was Mr. Jones his tests cogitate he has B- type blood. Those results came from finding B antigens present as well antibodies A and Rh at bottom his blood. Mr. Jones can donate blood to people with B+, B-, AB+ and AB- blood.He is however only to have got blood from pe ople with O- and B- blood types. Although none of the individuals tested had an O+ blood type it is considered to be the most common blood type. ( American Red Cross) The testing was through with(p) rattling carefully and strategically but does non mean that the results could non yield from a possible error. Errors could have occurred from admixture to ofttimes antiserum with the respected blood types heavy(a) a false outcome. An error could also slip by from not mixing serums well equal to get agglutination atomic number 82 to the finishing that the antigen was not present in the blood. fit in to all the data obtained I looking at each individuals blood type was identified properly and carefully utilizing all materials and methods required. Answers from questions in lab book found on what has been observed I conceptualize the antiserum pick up antibodies against specific antigens located within the simulated blood. The blood type considered to be the universal donor is O- and the universal recipient is AB+. I believe that not all people with Rh blackball blood have the antibodies for Rh irrefutable(p) blood but, I do retrieve that your proboscis is able to stupefy them when needed.A complete(a) example is an Rh shun womanhood who becomes pregnant with an Rh positive baby. A woman body whitethorn pee-pee antibodies in response to the Rh positive baby. If a small add together of the babys blood mixes with your blood, which often happens, your body whitethorn respond as if it were allergic to the baby. Your body may make antibodies to the Rh antigens in the babys blood. This means you have become sensitize and your antibodies can cross the placenta and attack your babys blood. They countermine down the fetuss red blood cells and produce genus Anemia (the blood has a low matter of red blood cells).This chequer is called haemolytic disease or haemolytic anemia. It can become severe comely to cause serious illness, brain damage, or nevertheless death in the fetus or newborn. (Rh Factor 2006). The bouncy online helped to demonstrate, flat more, how important it is to be specific when deliberation out someone blood type. handsome the wrong blood type to a patient during a transfusion or even surgery could depart to their death. full treatment Cited.. American Red Cross, . inception types. Retrieved from HYPERLINK http//www. givelife2. org/aboutblood/bloodtypes. asp viper http//www. ivelife2. org/ aboutblood/bloodtypes. asp (2001, December 3). Blood typing. Retrieved from HYPERLINK http/nobelprize. org/educational_games/ care for/landsteiner/readmore. hypertext mark-up language http//nobelprize. org/ educational_games/medicine/landsteiner/readmore. hypertext mark-up language (2006, April). Rh factor . Retrieved from HYPERLINK http//www. americanpregnancy. org/pregnancycomplications/rhfactor. html http www. americanpregnancy. org/ pregnancycomplications/rhfactor. html VanPutte, Regan, Russo, . (200 9). Seeleys intrinsic of anatomy & physiology. New York, Ny McGraw-Hill.Blood LabBlood Lab Report Introduction A blood experiment was performed testing four different patients blood to find out their specific blood types. Blood types are categorized in four blood groups based upon the antigen ( proteins on the surface of blood cells that can cause a response from the immune system) (Rh factor 2006) on the surface of the red blood cell. The blood groups are A, B, AB and O, names which are broken down from the ABO blood group system. Although simulated blood was used for the experiment a standard blood typing outcome was still obtained.After conducting the experiment I was able to identify each patients blood type by comparing the antigens and antibodies found within the blood. Materials and Methods Simulated blood, plastic slides, and antiserum were the materials used to perform this experiment. In order to specify each patients blood type it was necessary to place two drops of the simulated blood in each well on the plastic slide labeled A, B, and Rh. After dropping the blood into the specified wells the appropriate antiserum was added to determine the blood type.The three antiserums A, B and Rh were placed accordingly to the matching blood type on the slide, a toothpick was used to mixed the the two together, if agglutination occurred a positive result was indicated. If all three wells on the slide were without agglutination the blood type of the specific individual was identified as O. By concluding which antigens are present in the blood I was also able to figure out which antibodies are present. The antibodies in the blood attack the foreign red blood cells by binding to them.For example type A blood has A antigens and B antibodies, the B antibodies are ready to attack or destroy B antigens (since those antigens would be foreign in this particular persons red blood cells). (Blood typing, 2001) Results The results of the experiment yielded four different b lood types. Mr. Greens blood type is AB+, Ms. Brown is O-, Mr. Smith is A+ and Mr. Jones has a B- blood type. The chart below depicts exactly how I came to these results.. Individual Antigens Antibodies Donate Receive Outcome present present to from blood type 1. Mr. Green A, B, Rh None AB+ universal AB+ . Ms. Brown None A, B, Rh universal O- O- 3. Mr. Smith A, Rh B A+, AB+ O+,O-,A+,A- A+ 4. Mr. Jones B A, Rh B+,B-,AB+,AB- O-,B- B- Discussion The first individual Mr. Green had antigens A, B and Rh present but no antibodies present thus concluding Mr. Green had AB+ type blood. AB+ blood can only be donated to those with the same blood type but can be recipient of any blood type (universal recipient). The second individual tested was Ms. Brown, her tests results indicated she had no antigens present on her blood which means she has antibodies A, B, and Rh in her blood. Ms.Browns blood type is O- making her a universal donor but can only be a recipient of O- blood during a transfusion. The third individual Mr. Smith had the presence of antigens A and Rh and antibodies B within his blood. Mr. Smiths blood type is A+. People with A+ blood can only be a donor to people with A+ and AB+ blood, but can receive from blood types O+, O-, A+ and A-. The fourth and last individual tested was Mr. Jones his tests concluded he has B- type blood. Those results came from finding B antigens present as well antibodies A and Rh within his blood. Mr. Jones can donate blood to people with B+, B-, AB+ and AB- blood.He is however only to receive blood from people with O- and B- blood types. Although none of the individuals tested had an O+ blood type it is considered to be the most common blood type. ( American Red Cross) The testing was done very carefully and strategically but does not mean that the results could not yield from a possible error. Errors could have occurred from mixing to much antiserum with the respected blood types giving a false outcome. An error could also happen f rom not mixing serums well enough to get agglutination leading to the conclusion that the antigen was not present in the blood.According to all the data obtained I feel each individuals blood type was identified properly and carefully utilizing all materials and methods required. Answers from questions in lab book Based on what has been observed I think the antiserum contain antibodies against specific antigens located within the simulated blood. The blood type considered to be the universal donor is O- and the universal recipient is AB+. I believe that not all people with Rh negative blood have the antibodies for Rh positive blood but, I do think that your body is able to produce them when needed.A perfect example is an Rh negative woman who becomes pregnant with an Rh positive baby. A woman body may produce antibodies in response to the Rh positive baby. If a small amount of the babys blood mixes with your blood, which often happens, your body may respond as if it were allergic to the baby. Your body may make antibodies to the Rh antigens in the babys blood. This means you have become sensitized and your antibodies can cross the placenta and attack your babys blood. They break down the fetuss red blood cells and produce anemia (the blood has a low number of red blood cells).This condition is called hemolytic disease or hemolytic anemia. It can become severe enough to cause serious illness, brain damage, or even death in the fetus or newborn. (Rh Factor 2006). The game online helped to demonstrate, even more, how important it is to be precise when figuring out someone blood type. Giving the wrong blood type to a patient during a transfusion or even surgery could lead to their death. Works Cited.. American Red Cross, . Blood types. Retrieved from HYPERLINK http//www. givelife2. org/aboutblood/bloodtypes. asp http//www. ivelife2. org/ aboutblood/bloodtypes. asp (2001, December 3). Blood typing. Retrieved from HYPERLINK http/nobelprize. org/educational_games/me dicine/landsteiner/readmore. html http//nobelprize. org/ educational_games/medicine/landsteiner/readmore. html (2006, April). Rh factor . Retrieved from HYPERLINK http//www. americanpregnancy. org/pregnancycomplications/rhfactor. html http www. americanpregnancy. org/ pregnancycomplications/rhfactor. html VanPutte, Regan, Russo, . (2009). Seeleys essential of anatomy & physiology. New York, Ny McGraw-Hill.